Justus Johann Friedrich Dotzauer (20 January 1783 – 6 March 1860) was a German cellist and composer.
Dotzauer was born in 1783 in Häselrieth , near Hildburghausen. His father, a pastor, encouraged his interest in music. In early years he played piano, violin and cello, also horn and clarinet, and studied theory and composition with the organist Johann Caspar Rüttinger , a pupil of Johann Christian Kittel. In Meiningen he studied the cello with Johann Jacob Kriegk , Konzertmeister of the Meiningen Court Orchestra; from 1801 Dotzauer was a member of the orchestra.
He moved in 1805 to Leipzig, where he played in the Gewandhaus Orchestra. During this period he visited the cellist Bernhard Romberg in Berlin, who influenced his playing. With Heinrich August Matthaei, Bartolomeo Campagnoli and Johann Georg Hermann Voigt, Dotzauer was a founder of the Gewandhaus Quartet.

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